Universidad Central del Ecuador

STUDENT PORTFOLIO

Cambridge B1 Level

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Universidad Central del Ecuador
Instituto de Idiomas

Vocabulary: Describing Personality

Vocabulary: Giving Personal Information

I was born in Detroit, but I was raised in the country. I lived with my family - my parents, brother, and sister - on a farm. My brother and I were into sports, especially baseball. After high school, I moved back to Detroit. I lived in a small apartment - I lived alone. And I was single - I didn't have a girlfriend at that time. But I have a wife now, Alicia and I celebrated our anniversary last Wednesday. My parents took us out to dinner. They retired a year ago, so they have a lot of free time.

Vocabulary Practice: Giving Personal Information

A. Cross out the word that does not work

• 1. Kelly is single / married / born.
• 2. Marcos was born / retired / raised in Quito.
• 3. Leila lives alone / with her cousin / single.
• 4. My parents raised / celebrated their anniversary / retired last month.

B. Number the sentences in the correct order (1-4)

Grammar: Indirect Questions (In-depth)

Exercises (Solved)

1. In indirect questions, use statement word order.
2. Use if in an indirect yes/no question.
3. For indirect questions within statements, put a period at the end.

• Where were you raised? → Can you tell me where you were raised?
• When does your teacher want to retire? → Do you have any idea when your teacher wants to retire?
• Are your friends into sports? → I wonder if your friends are into sports.
• When do your parents celebrate their anniversary? → Do you know when your parents celebrate their anniversary?
• Were your brothers and sisters born in this city? → I'd like to know if your brothers and sisters were born in this city.

Grammar Reference: Indirect Questions

Leadership & Canada Interview Examples

• Leadership: "Could you tell us what qualities make a good leader?"[cite: 3]
• Canada: "We were wondering what your vision for Canada's future is."[cite: 3]

Functional Language: Introductions and Boundaries

Good conversations start with a clear, polite introduction and end smoothly before they become awkward.

Exercises (Solved)

C. Complete the chart with expressions

Introductions	Saying how you know someone	Ending a conversation
Hello, I'm Nina.	How do you know Jodi?	I should let you go.
This is Rafe, my husband.	I work with her.	It was really nice to meet you.
This is Nina, Jodi's coworker.	I'm her sister/friend/coworker.	It was nice talking to you.

D. Circle the correct response to each sentence

1. How do you know Yolanda? → a. I'm her brother.
2. This is Rosa, my sister. And this is Cal, my coworker. → b. Nice to meet you.
3. I should let you go. → b. OK. It was really nice to meet you.

The Structural Difference: Efficiency vs. Politeness

Indirect questions are the standard when meeting someone for the first time, talking to professionals, interacting with older people, or speaking with strangers.

Direct Questions	Indirect Questions
Tone: Efficient, straightforward, but potentially abrupt.	Tone: Softer, respectful, acting as a polite cushion.
Example: How do you know Jodi?	Example: Could you tell me how you know Jodi?

Applied Missions: Polite Conversations

Mission 1: School Orientation

Goal: Get to know your new classmate.

• Could you tell me what your favorite subject is?
• May I ask where you're from?
• Would you mind telling me what your hobbies are?
• Could you tell me which school you attended before?
• May I ask if this is your first day here?

Mission 2: Company Welcome Party

Goal: Sound professional and polite.

• Could you tell me how you know Carlos?
• May I ask what you do for a living?
• Would you mind telling me if you've lived here for a long time?
• Could you tell me what you enjoy doing on weekends?
• May I ask whether you've worked in this field before?

Mission 3: International Student Exchange

Goal: Be a welcoming host.

• Could you tell me where you're from?
• May I ask what languages you speak?
• Would you mind telling me what school you attended?
• Could you tell me if this is your first visit to Ecuador?
• May I ask what sports or hobbies you enjoy?

Mission 4: Community Volunteer Event

Goal: Build quick team rapport.

• Could you tell me why you decided to join today's event?
• Would you mind telling me what you do for work?
• May I ask if you've volunteered before?
• Could you tell me what activities you enjoy in your free time?
• Would you mind telling me how often you participate in community projects?

The Blueprint & Assembling the Pieces

The Present Perfect always requires these three mechanical pieces to function: [Subject] + [Have / Has] + [Past Participle].

• Affirmative: [I] + [have] + [lived] here since 2013.
• Negative: [I] + [have not / haven't] + [sold] anything.
• Questions: [Have] + [you] + [ever sold] anything?

The Bridge to Now

We use the Present Perfect when something started in the past and is still true today. The action is not finished; the rope is still taut.

Example: We've lived here since 2013. (Diagnostic Question: Do they live there now? Yes.)

Measuring Unfinished Time: Since vs. For

SINCE	FOR
Use for the exact moment an action began (e.g., 2013, Monday, I was 12).	Use for a period or length of time (e.g., two years, five months, a long time).
Example: I've had these comic books since I was 12.	Example: Our car has been outside for two years.

Scanning for Experiences: Ever vs. Never

Goal: Discovering life experiences (exact dates don't matter).

• EVER: At any time in your life. Used primarily to ask questions.
  Example: Have you ever sold something online?
• NEVER: Not at any time in your life. Used to express zero experience.
  Example: I've never worked in a restaurant.

The Diagnostic Fixer (Common Mistakes)

• ✗ I have lived here since five years.
  ✓ I have lived here for five years. (Fix: 'Five years' is a duration, use the measuring tape).
• ✗ I have lived here for 2013.
  ✓ I have lived here since 2013. (Fix: '2013' is a starting point, use the pin).
• ✗ Did you ever visit Galápagos?
  ✓ Have you ever visited Galápagos? (Fix: Use Present Perfect for life experiences, not Past Simple).

The Master Dashboard

Use	Signal Word	Example
Experience	ever	Have you ever sold anything?
No experience	never	I've never sold anything.
Duration	for	We've lived here for ten years.
Starting point	since	We've lived here since 2013.

Part 1: Listening

Listen to the conversation about friendships in Top Magazine, then answer questions 1 to 5.

1. Listening: Where was Kim born and raised?

a) Born in Boston and raised in Houston
b) Born in Houston and raised there before moving to Boston
c) Born and raised in Detroit

2. Listening: What sport or activity is Kim really good at?

a) Baseball
b) Soccer
c) Karate

3. Listening: Who does Kim live with in college?

a) She lives alone
b) With Angela (she is her roommate)
c) With a soccer player's wife

4. Listening: What movie are Angela and Kim going to see after class today?

Select... A movie about a baseball player A movie about a soccer player's wife A movie about a karate champion

5. Listening: According to the final test question, how does Kim feel about spinach?

Select... She loves it She hates it She has never tried it

Part 2: Reading

"My name is Sarah. I was born in Toronto, but I was raised in a small town. I am a very easygoing and reliable person. I have worked as an English teacher since 2018. When I meet new people, I prefer using polite indirect questions because I don't want to sound abrupt. For example, instead of asking 'Where do you work?', I usually ask 'Could you tell me where you work?'. I have lived in Quito for three years and I have made many wonderful friends here."

6. Reading: Where was Sarah raised?

a) In Toronto
b) In Quito
c) In a small town

7. Reading: How long has Sarah worked as a teacher?

Select... Since 2018 For three years

8. Reading: Sarah prefers indirect questions because she wants to sound polite and not...

9. Reading: Sarah has lived in Quito for ________ years.

10. Reading: Which adjectives describe Sarah's personality according to the text?

a) Nervous and selfish
b) Easygoing and reliable
c) Serious and shy

Part 3: Grammar (Indirect Questions & Present Perfect)

11. Indirect Questions: Indirect questions use what kind of word order?

a) Direct question order
b) Statement word order
c) Inverted auxiliary order

12. Indirect Yes/No: If you convert a Yes/No question into an indirect question, you must use...

Select... if / whether what / which where / when

13. Transformation: "Where were you raised?" → "Can you tell me where you ________ raised?"

14. Present Perfect: Complete: "I have studied English ________ 2020."

Select... since for ever

15. Present Perfect Formula: Subject + Have/Has + ________.

Select... Past Participle Infinitive Simple Past

Part 4: Vocabulary & Functional Language

16. Personality: Max is always smiling and happy. He is very...

a) cheerful
b) serious
c) nervous

17. Personality: Someone who is not afraid of dangerous or difficult situations is...

a) brave
b) generous
c) selfish

18. Personality: David always does what he promises to do. He is...

Select... reliable easygoing honest

19. Functional Language: A polite phrase to end a conversation is...

a) How do you know Jodi?
b) I should let you go.
c) This is my coworker.

20. Experiences: Have you ________ eaten Ecuadorian Encebollado?

Submit & Check Results

Vocabulary: Describing Possessions

A. Match the expressions (1-12) with the definitions (a-l).

• 1. brand new: d (completely new)
• 2. common: f (existing in large numbers)
• 3. damaged: l (broken or harmed)
• 4. fancy: b (decorative, complicated, or expensive)
• 5. in good condition: e (in good shape)
• 6. modern: i (using the newest design or technology)
• 7. plain: k (not decorated)
• 8. outdated: c (old and not useful anymore)
• 9. special: a (not ordinary or usual)
• 10. used: j (not new; owned by someone else before you)
• 11. useful: g (helping you do things)
• 12. useless: h (not helpful; doesn't work well)

B. Circle the correct answers.

1. My sister usually gives me her old clothes, but today I bought a brand new coat.
2. This bag is really useful. I can put a lot of stuff in it.
3. I think your bike is in good condition. You should keep it.
4. My brother says DVD players are outdated. People watch things online now.
5. Martina bought a used car, but she'd prefer a new one.
6. Everyone has smartphones these days. They're very common.

Grammar: Present perfect with ever, never, for, and since

• Use the present perfect with since and a point of time in the past. It shows when an action or event started.
• Use the present perfect with for and a period of time. It shows the length of time of an action or event.

Grammar Practice 2.1

A. Make complete sentences or questions in the present perfect from these words. Add for or since when needed.

1. you / ever / buy / car / ?
   → Have you ever bought a car?
2. We / not see / Maria / a few years / .
   → We haven't seen Maria for a few years.
3. They / never / clean / their garage / !
   → They have never cleaned their garage!
4. You / live in / the same house / 11 years / .
   → You have lived in the same house for 11 years.
5. he / ever / visit / your family / ?
   → Has he ever visited your family?
6. Nadia / not play / computer games / she was 16 / .
   → Nadia hasn't played computer games since she was 16.
7. Roberto / has / his car / a long time / .
   → Roberto has had his car for a long time.
8. I / not eat / meat / 2015 / .
   → I haven't eaten meat since 2015.

Vocabulary: Tech Features

A. Complete the sentences with the correct words.

1. I set up my new computer by myself. Now the sound doesn't work.
2. I put all of my travel apps in one folder.
3. Did you try the new weather app? It's pretty cool.
4. I have a picture of my cat on my home screen.
5. My old phone is fine. I don't need the newest model.
6. I need to sync my phone with my computer so I can listen to my music on both devices.
7. I need to delete some photos because I don't have enough storage for them all.

B. Cross out the word that does not work in each sentence.

1. This is the best device / folder / model the electronics company has made.
2. Can you help me sync / set up / delete my new phone?
3. I want more home screens / folders / storage on my phone.
4. I need to try / sync / delete my photos.
5. It's easy to delete / set up / work an online profile.

Grammar: Present perfect with already and yet

• Use yet with things that haven't happened. It often means you expected something to happen or expect something to happen soon.
• Use already when something happened sooner than expected.

Grammar Practice 2.2

A. Look at the sentences. Write sentences with opposite meanings. Use the words in parentheses ().

1. I haven't used my new computer yet. (already / three times)
   → I've already used my new computer three times.
2. Ken hasn't downloaded any apps yet. (already / ten new apps)
   → Ken has already downloaded ten new apps.
3. My parents haven't seen my apartment yet. (already / twice)
   → My parents have already seen my apartment twice.
4. I've already ridden my new bike. (not / yet)
   → I haven't ridden my new bike yet.
5. Vicky has downloaded new apps. (not / any apps / yet)
   → Vicky hasn't downloaded any apps yet.
6. I've already chosen my online profile photo. (not / yet)
   → I haven't chosen my online profile photo yet.

Functional Language: Switching Topics

En conversaciones naturales, rara vez nos mantenemos en un solo tema. Utilizamos marcadores discursivos específicos para guiar al oyente cuando cambiamos de dirección.

Conversation Order Exercise

1. Hey, Emma! So, you know I lost my phone.
2. That's right - you said you couldn't find it.
3. Well, guess what! I just found it - under the refrigerator.
4. That's funny! How did it get there?
5. I have no idea. Anyway, at least I have my phone now.
6. Great. So I can text you again. Oh, before I forget, I want to show you this funny video.

Real-World Strategy: Short Questions to Show Interest

Completion Exercise (Short Questions)

Model Route: The Robot Collector

Analysis of interaction flow control:

• Initiate: Speaker A starts with "You know..." and drops new info with "Guess what!" (Bought two more toy robots online).
• Return: The conversation detours into arrival times, but Speaker A forces it back on track with "Anyway..." (They looked good in the photos).
• Pivot: Speaker A abruptly shifts the topic entirely using "By the way..." (Have you heard Tori is in town?).

Part 1: Listening

Listen to the audio and answer questions 1 to 5.

1. What is the main topic of the conversation?

a) Buying a new house.
b) Fixing a broken car.
c) Cleaning out the garage and old possessions.

2. How long has the speaker had the camera?

a) Since he was 12.
b) For five years.
c) He just bought it brand new.

3. What does the speaker plan to do with the outdated computer games?

a) Play them again.
b) Sell or give them away because they are useless.
c) Sync them to a new device.

4. Which navigational phrase did the speaker use to suddenly talk about his friend Tori?

a) "By the way..."
b) "Anyway..."
c) "Guess what!"

5. The speaker's old bike is...

a) fancy but damaged.
b) brand new.
c) plain, but in good condition.

Part 2: Reading

"I've just bought the newest model of the X-Phone. It's completely brand new and the features are fascinating! I've already set up the home screen and put my travel apps in one folder. However, I haven't synced it with my laptop yet because I need a special cable. The only problem is the storage; I've taken so many photos today that I already need to delete some. Anyway, I'm very happy with it."

6. True or False: The user has already synced the phone with the laptop.

a) True
b) False

7. True or False: The phone is in bad condition.

a) True
b) False

8. What feature does the user have a problem with?

a) Storage
b) The home screen
c) The folders

9. The user organized their travel apps into one .

10. How does the user describe the phone's features?

a) Outdated
b) Fascinating
c) Plain

Part 3: Grammar (Present Perfect)

11. Have you ________ downloaded a movie on your phone?

Select... ever never already

12. I bought the tickets, but I haven't told Maria ________.

Select... already yet since

13. We have lived in this city ________ 2018.

Select... since for yet

14. I have had this laptop ________ five years.

15. (Negative) I ________ (not / see) him since Monday.

Part 4: Vocabulary

16. My tablet doesn't turn on and is completely broken. It is ________.

Select... useful useless fancy

17. You need to delete some apps because your phone has no ________ left.

Select... storage model home screen

18. A computer from 1995 is very ________ today.

Select... modern outdated brand new

19. Remember to ________ your phone with your laptop to save the files.

Select... sync delete try

20. This used car has no damage. It is in good ________.

Select... condition plain device

Part 5: Navigation & Writing

21. Which phrase is used as a "Green Light" to initiate a completely new topic?

a) "Guess what!"
b) "Anyway..."
c) "By the way..."

22. Which phrase is used to return to the main road after a conversational detour?

a) "Anyway..."
b) "You know..."
c) "Oh, before I forget..."

23. "I bought a gold watch yesterday." - Choose the correct short question to show interest.

a) Have you?
b) You did?
c) You are?

24. Writing (Syntax): Re-order the words to make a correct sentence: yet / camera / the / tried / haven't / I

25. Writing (Vocabulary): Write the past participle of the verb buy.

Submit Unit 2 Test

Vocabulary: City Features

A. Complete the sentences with the correct words.

1. Firefighters work in a fire station.
2. A large house where people can stay cheaply is a hostel.
3. People can go to a clinic for medical treatment or advice.
4. A path by the side of a road that people walk on is a sidewalk.
5. A tunnel is a long passage under the ground or through a mountain.
6. A monument helps people remember a famous person or important event.
7. An embassy is an official building of a government in another country.
8. People drive across a bridge to get across a river.

B. Complete the sentences with words from exercise A.

1. I went to the American embassy and got a visa. Then I flew to San Francisco and stayed in a hostel for a week.
2. The bridge over the river was closed, so I drove through the tunnel instead.
3. I went to the clinic to see a doctor. I got there before it opened, so I waited outside on the sidewalk for 15 minutes.
4. There's a large monument in memory of the Great Fire next to the fire station where my husband works. He's a firefighter.

Grammar: Articles (a, an, the, or no article)

Article	Rule & Usage
a / an	When something isn't definite (Is there a ferry?) With jobs (I'm studying to be an engineer.)
the	- Something mentioned before (How often does the ferry run?) - Something the listener knows (He works in the city.) - With ordinals (the first ferry) - With superlative adjectives (the most unusual) - For only one thing (the sun)
- (no article)	- Noncount or plural nouns in general (- Hostels are usually cheap.) - Names of countries, cities, continents (- Russia, - Moscow) - Parks, streets, single mountains, lakes (- Central Park is on - Fifth Avenue.) *Exceptions: the US, the UK, the Philippines

Grammar Practice A: Complete the sentences with a, an, the, or - (no article).

1. There's a Russian embassy in my city. I think the embassy is on - Fourth Avenue.
2. I'm an engineer, and I design - bridges and - tunnels.
3. There's a sculpture of a horse near the river. Have you seen it?
4. You can get - information about the city at your hotel. Then you can email me the information.

Grammar Practice B: Complete the sentences.

1. A: Where is the biggest fire station in town?
   B: It's on - Clark Street.
2. A: Is there an embassy near the school?
   B: Yes, the Canadian embassy is across the street.
3. A: Do you stay in - hostels when you travel?
   B: No, I don't. I usually stay with - friends.
4. A: Do you have a good view of the city from your home?
   B: Yes, I do. The view is excellent.
5. A: Where's the best place to go shopping near here?
   B: There's a mall on - Sixth Avenue.

Vocabulary: City Features Architecture

Grammar: Navigating Articles (A, An, The)

Article	Rule	Examples
THE	Something specific. We both know it.	the bridge, the ferry
NO ARTICLE	Things in general.	Hospitals are important. Public transportation is useful.
A	One of many / New info (Starts with a Consonant sound).	a ferry, a hostel
AN	One of many / New info (Starts with a Vowel sound).	an airport, an engineer

Grammar in the Wild: You're visiting New York...

1. I need a clinic.
2. Where is the nearest museum?
3. She is an engineer.
4. [No article] hostels are usually cheap.

Vocabulary: Public Transportation

A. Definitions

• 1. arrival: d (the act of coming to a place)
• 2. book: a (to arrange to have a seat on a plane or a hotel room...)
• 3. departure: j (the act of leaving a place)
• 4. direct: h (going straight from one place to another without changing...)
• 5. fare: c (the price that you pay to travel on a plane, train, bus...)
• 6. line: f (a subway route)
• 7. reservation: b (an arrangement to have something kept for a person...)
• 8. route: e (a particular way or direction between places)
• 9. schedule: g (a list of times when buses, trains, etc., arrive and leave)
• 10. terminal: i (a building where you can get onto a plane, bus, or ship)

B. Complete the sentences with the correct words.

1. I need to book my flight. First, I want to compare airlines, so I can find the cheapest fare. And then I can make a reservation.
2. I'm just checking my schedule, and these are my flight details: it says my departure is from terminal B at 8:10 a.m., and my arrival is at 12:55 p.m.
3. If you go there on the subway, you need to take two different lines. Take the 4 and transfer to the 6 because it's not direct. It's not an easy route.

C. Practice: Complete the sentences.

1. Is the ticket expensive? How much is the fare?
2. Departure is at 9:00 a.m., and arrival is at 11:30 a.m. It's a short flight.
3. We don't need to change trains. The trip is direct.
4. I still need to book a flight for the trip. I hope I can get a good price.
5. What time should we leave? Can we look at the bus schedule again?
6. Did you make a reservation for dinner? The restaurant gets busy on Saturdays.

Grammar: Modals for Advice (The Advice Compass)

• Use you shouldn't to say something is a bad idea.
• Use you could to say something is a possible option.
• Use you should to say something is a good idea.
• You can use I would (I'd) to give a personal recommendation.

Modals for Advice Chart

* shouldn't = should not | wouldn't = would not | I'd = I would

Quick Fixes (The Advice Race)

• I'm lost. → You could ask a police officer.
• My suitcase is heavy. → I'd take a taxi.
• I want to cross the river. → You could take a ferry.
• I feel sick downtown. → You should go to a clinic.

Functional Language: Asking for and giving directions

C. Complete the chart with expressions

D. Write the words in the correct order

1. A: you / get / how / me / to / the front desk / tell / Can / to / ?
   → Can you tell me how to get to the front desk?
   B: on / the lobby, / right / and / through / It's / the / Go / .
   → Go through the lobby, and it's on the right.
2. A: floor / on / are / Which / meeting rooms / the / ?
   → Which floor are the meeting rooms on?
   B: the / floor / downstairs / on / first / They're / .
   → They're downstairs on the first floor.

Real-World Strategy: Repeating details to show you understand

We often repeat key details when people ask questions so they know we've understood them.

• "Can you tell me how to get to meeting room C?" → "Meeting room C... Uh, it's upstairs on the fifth floor."
• "How do I get to the stairs?" → "The stairs? Go down that hallway, and they're on your right."

C. Complete the conversation with repeated details

A: Excuse me? Where does the bus stop?
B: The bus stop? It stops across the street.
A: OK. Thank you. Does it come by often?
B: Come by often? Yes, about every 20 minutes.

1. Reading: Volunteer at the Street Beats Festival!

Read for Details (Questions & Answers)

1. What two skills does the company want the volunteers to have?
   → They want people who are good with people and who know the city well.
2. Who will the cast be?
   → The cast will be more than 1,000 street performers, including dancers and musicians from more than 20 countries.
3. What will the volunteers do?
   → Cast Helpers will meet members at the airport, help them get to hotels, tell them where to go, and help with the schedule. City Guides will stand on sidewalks, help visitors navigate, and give advice on things to do.

2. Writing: Manuela's Personal Statement

Analyze the Application

1. What language skills does Manuela have?
   → She is fluent in Spanish and English, and she is learning French and Portuguese.
2. What experience does she have with events? What volunteer experiences does she have?
   → She has organized two cultural events at her school. She has never worked at a big festival or volunteered before.
3. How well does she know the city?
   → Very well. She was born and raised there, knows the transportation system, and is familiar with different neighborhoods.

Writing Skills: Punctuation and Grammar

• Capital letters: Use at the beginnings of sentences and for job titles, names, places, months, languages, and nationalities.
• End of sentence: Put a period (.), exclamation mark (!), or question mark (?) at the end of each sentence.
• Commas: Use a comma before but and so. There's no comma before because.
• Grammar: Use the present perfect for experiences in your life up to now.

Part 1: Listening

Listen to Alex giving travel advice to his friend about Chicago, then answer questions 1 to 5.

1. Listening: Where was Rita born and raised according to Alex's knowledge of her past?

a) Alex lived in Chicago for a long time before moving
b) Alex currently lives in Chicago
c) Alex has never visited Chicago

2. Listening: What famous route/song does Alex mention when talking about the Art Institute of Chicago?

a) Route 66
b) Highway 101
c) Chicago River Walk

3. Listening: Where is Rita staying during her trip to Chicago?

Select... In a hostel by the fire station In a 5-star hotel downtown At Alex's house

4. Listening: Why couldn't Rita book a room at the hotel she originally wanted?

Select... It didn't have any rooms available for that weekend It was too expensive for her budget It was closed for maintenance

5. Listening: Which floor of 360 Chicago does Alex recommend visiting for great views?

Part 2: Reading

"Getting around big cities can be challenging, but public transport offers many convenient choices. If you visit Quito, you could take the Metro or use the local buses. The bus fare is very affordable. If you need to travel to another province, you should go to the main bus terminal located in Quitumbe. For tourists needing help, there is an official tourist office near the central plaza. When asking for directions inside large buildings, remember to ask 'Which way is the elevator?' or check the signs for the basement level."

6. Reading: Where is the main bus terminal located according to the text?

a) Near the embassy
b) In Quitumbe
c) In the basement

7. Reading: Where is the official tourist office situated?

a) Near the central plaza
b) At the airport
c) Inside a hostel

8. Reading: According to the text, what question should you ask to locate an elevator inside a building?

9. Reading: The text mentions that bus fares in Quito are very...

Select... affordable expensive dangerous

10. Reading: What public transport options in Quito are explicitly recommended in the text?

a) Only private taxis
b) The Metro and local buses
c) Airplanes and ferries

Part 3: Grammar (Articles & Modals for Advice)

11. Articles: I need to go to ________ embassy to renew my passport.

Select... a an the

12. Articles: ________ hostels are usually a cheap option for young travelers.

Select... No article (-) The A

13. Articles: Mount Everest is located in ________ Asia.

Select... No article (-) the an

14. Modals for Advice: Which modal verb expresses that something is a BAD idea?

a) you could
b) you shouldn't
c) I would

15. Modals for Advice: Complete: "My bags are heavy." → "________ take a taxi." (Personal choice)

Part 4: Vocabulary, Directions & Writing Skills

16. City Features: Firefighters store emergency trucks in a...

a) fire station
b) clinic
c) monument

17. Transportation: What is the price paid to ride a bus or train called?

18. Directions: The floor beneath the main ground level of a building is the...

19. Writing Skills: In formal job emails, use a comma before which two conjunctions?

Select... but / so because / and that / which

20. Punctuation: Job titles, national languages, and specific months must always start with...

a) capital letters
b) lowercase letters
c) numbers

Submit Unit 3 Test

Vocabulary: Describing opinions and reactions (Page 34 & 144)

Adjectives ending in -ed describe how people feel. Adjectives ending in -ing describe the thing or situation that causes the feeling.

A. Match the -ed adjectives (1-8) with the definitions (a-h).

• 1. frightened: f (afraid)
• 2. fascinated: e (very interested)
• 3. annoyed: b (a little angry)
• 4. shocked: g (very surprised, usually in a bad way)
• 5. amused: a (showing you think something is funny)
• 6. embarrassed: d (red-faced and worried what others will think of you)
• 7. disappointed: c (sad because something wasn't as good as you expected)
• 8. surprised: h (happy because something you didn't expect happened)

B. Complete the words with the endings -ed or -ing.

1. That movie was frightening.
2. Olga isn't coming to the party. I'm so disappointed.
3. My friends were really surprised to see me.
4. I didn't think the joke was amusing.
5. We were shocked when we saw the price. It was really expensive!
6. I had to sing in front of 50 people. It was so embarrassing.
7. That noise is really annoying.
8. The kids were fascinated by some of the animals at the zoo.

Grammar: be going to and will for predictions (Page 35)

• Use be going to or will to make predictions about the future.
• You can use I think and I don't think before a prediction to express an opinion.

Grammar Practice A: Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. embarrassed / be / He'll / really / .
   → He'll be really embarrassed.
2. be / it / I / think / fascinating / will / .
   → I think it will be fascinating.
3. to / disappointed / going / They / are / be / .
   → They are going to be disappointed.
4. won't / surprised / She / be / probably / .
   → She probably won't be surprised.
5. will / don't / be / I / amusing / think / it / .
   → I don't think it will be amusing.
6. going / enjoy / He / to / it / not / is / .
   → He is not going to enjoy it.

Vocabulary: Making decisions and plans

A. Match the expressions (1-10) with the definitions (a-j).

• 1. look into: b (find out about something)
• 2. check: g (examine the facts about a situation)
• 3. deal with: c (take action in order to achieve something or solve a problem)
• 4. get in touch with: e (contact someone)
• 5. arrange: a (make necessary plans and preparations for something to happen)
• 6. forget: d (not remember)
• 7. think about: j (consider something)
• 8. meet up: h (get together with people)
• 9. let (someone) know: f (give someone information about something)
• 10. remind: i (make someone remember something)

B. Circle the correct answer for each sentence.

1. Did you get in touch with / look into prices for the hotel?
2. We thought about / met up with cost before we planned our trip.
3. How are you dealing with / forgetting your long work hours?
4. Did you check Carol / let Carol know about our plans?
5. Sara arranged / reminded Joe to book three hotel rooms.

Grammar: will for sudden decisions; present continuous for future plans

• Use will for sudden decisions you make at the moment of speaking.
• Use the present continuous for plans that are already made or agreed on.
• Note: The present continuous is also used for ongoing actions (e.g., I'm working as a guide in a national park).

will for sudden decisions	Present continuous for future plans
I'll deal with renting tents, OK?	Are we staying with your cousin?
OK, and I'll check places to stay.	They're staying with Leo's cousin.
Just a minute. I'll check online.	They're not staying in a hotel.

Grammar Practice A: Circle the correct words to complete the sentences. Identify if it is a Sudden decision or Future plan.

1. Thanks for inviting me to the movies. I'll pay for the tickets. → Sudden decision
2. He's driving to Miami next weekend to visit his parents. → Future plan
3. Do you want to come with us? OK, I'll book a room for you. → Sudden decision
4. We're meeting up at the Hilton Hotel at 6:30. → Future plan
5. I'm taking my kids to the zoo tomorrow. They're very excited. → Future plan
6. The traffic isn't moving! What's going on? I'll check on my phone. → Sudden decision

Grammar Practice B: Complete the conversation with will or the present continuous.

Functional Language: Offer and respond to reassurance

C. Complete the chart with the expressions from the conversations.

D. Put the conversation in the correct order (1-4).

1. I'm sorry I forgot your birthday.
2. Don't worry about it.
3. Thanks, but I feel so bad!
4. You don't need to. These things happen.

Real-World Strategy: Using at least to point out the good side of a situation

You can use at least to point out the good side of a difficult or worrying situation.

Writing: Saturday Fun Day

A. Read the email. What three locations will the students use for the event?

→ The computer room, the language center, and outside.

Writing Skills: Linking Words

Look at the linking words to show the order of events. When do you use them?

1. Use To start for the first thing that happens.
2. Use At the same time for two things that happen together. This phrase goes at the beginning of the second thing.
3. Use After that and Next for something that happens after something else.
4. Use Finally for something that happens last.

Pronunciation: Linked sounds - final /n/

When a word ending in an /n/ sound is followed by a word beginning in a /p/, /b/, or /m/ sound, the /n/ sounds more like an /m/.

• Green Park stadium → sounds like "Greem Park"
• We can post → sounds like "cam post"

Part 1: Listening

Listen to the conversation about weekend plans and unexpected changes, then answer questions 1 to 5.

1. Listening: What were the speakers original plans for the weekend?

a) Going to an outdoor concert
b) Watching movies at home
c) Traveling to another city

2. Listening: Why did they have to change their plans?

a) They forgot to buy tickets
b) Look at the dark clouds, it is going to rain heavily
c) Their friend fell sick

3. Listening: How did the speaker feel about the cancellation at first?

Select... Disappointed Fascinated Embarrassed

4. Listening: What sudden decision does the friend make to solve dinner?

Select... "I'll order pizza for everyone." "I'm going to cook soup." "I'll buy tickets online."

5. Listening: Complete the reassurance phrase used in the conversation: "Don't worry, there's no need to ________."

Part 2: Reading

"Planning events in advance is great, but unexpected situations always happen. Last Friday, I was supposed to meet up with my coworkers at 7:00 p.m. To start, I left work early to avoid traffic. Suddenly, my car engine stopped. I felt extremely annoyed and embarrassed because I was blocking the road. Fortunately, my colleague called me and offered reassurance: 'Don't panic, I'll drive to pick you up.' At least I didn't have to walk in the dark! In the end, we made it to the restaurant and enjoyed a fascinating dinner."

6. Reading: What was the narrator's original plan for Friday evening?

a) To meet up with coworkers at 7:00 p.m.
b) To go on a solo road trip
c) To work late at the office

7. Reading: How did the narrator feel when the car broke down in traffic?

a) Fascinated and amused
b) Annoyed and embarrassed
c) Calm and relaxed

8. Reading: According to the text, what phrase did the colleague use to offer reassurance?

9. Reading: Which real-world strategy expression did the writer use to find the good side of a bad situation?

Select... At least ASAP To start

10. Reading: How was the dinner described at the end of the text?

a) Shocking
b) Fascinating
c) Disappointing

Part 3: Grammar (Future Plans, Predictions & Adjectives -ed/-ing)

11. Predictions (Evidence): Look at those dark black clouds! It ________ rain soon.

Select... is going to will is

12. Predictions (Opinion): Complete with the future modal: "I think you ________ love the new art gallery."

13. Decisions & Plans: "I forgot my wallet!" → "Don't worry, I ________ pay for dinner." (Instant decision)

a) 'll pay
b) am paying
c) pay

14. Agreed Plans: We ________ our teacher at 6:30 p.m. today at the library entrance. (Fixed arrangement)

a) meet
b) will meet
c) are meeting

15. -ed vs -ing: That horror movie was really ________.

Select... frightening frightened frighten

Part 4: Vocabulary, Functional Language & Writing Skills

16. Feelings Adjectives: Red-faced and worried about what others think of you means you feel...

a) embarrassed
b) fascinated
c) amused

17. Vocabulary (Plans): What verb phrase means "to find out information about a problem"?

a) look into
b) deal with
c) meet up

18. Functional Language: Which expression is used to OFFER reassurance?

a) There's no need to worry.
b) I really appreciate it.
c) Thanks, but I feel so bad.

19. Writing Skills: Which linking phrase introduces the FIRST event in a narrative?

Select... To start Finally At the same time

20. Register Check: Information enclosed inside parentheses ( ) in emails is considered...

a) extra, non-essential details
b) essential, urgent warnings
c) formal corrections

Submit Unit 4 Test

Unit 5 Overview & Objectives

• Talk about lost and found things
• Talk about needing and giving help
• Talk about surprising situations
• Write a short story
• Tell and compare stories

1. Language in Context: Rings That Returned...

2. Vocabulary: Losing and Finding Things

Categorization of actions when handling objects:

3. Grammar: Simple Past

Use the simple past to talk about events in the past that are completed.

Practice B: Complete the conversation with the simple past form of the verbs in parentheses

Grammar Reference: Simple Past Rules & Questions

Sentences, yes/no questions, short answers	Information questions
The ring disappeared in the sand.	Where did she search?
She didn't find it.	How did she find it?
Did she find the ring? Yes, she did. / Yes, she found it. No, she didn't. / No, she didn't find it.	Who helped her? What happened next?

Grammar Practice 5.1: Simple Past Sentences

1. She dropped her new coffee cup on the floor.
2. Did you return Marina's books to her?
3. I discovered my favorite jacket in the back of my closet.
4. He made a wonderful dinner for us when he got home.
5. Did they tell you about their trip to Bolivia?
6. I didn't ask him for his email address.

Vocabulary Practice: Losing and Finding Things (Page 145)

A. Match the verbs with the definitions

• 1. appear: d (suddenly be seen)
• 2. disappear: g (become impossible to see)
• 3. discover: b (find something for the first time)
• 4. drop: h (let something you are carrying fall)
• 5. fall off: j (suddenly go to the ground)
• 6. get (something) back: i (have something again after it was lost)
• 7. leave (something) behind: c (leave a place without taking something with you)
• 8. locate: f (find exactly where something is)
• 9. return: a (give something back)
• 10. search (for): e (look somewhere carefully in order to find something)

B. Circle the correct word or phrase for each sentence

1. Sofia dropped one of her earrings on the floor.
2. Did you get your bag back from the airport?
3. I searched for my credit card everywhere.
4. The police located our car in another town.
5. A lot of things disappeared from our office last summer.
6. He left his books behind in the classroom.
7. I think my hat fell off when I got on the train.
8. I lost my phone, but it appeared on my desk two days later.

1. Vocabulary: Needing and Giving Help

Expressions used when needing (N) or giving (G) assistance:

Vocabulary Practice (Page 146)

1. I often get lost when I'm in a new city. → a (don't know where I am)
2. Did Vicky give you a ride to class today? → b (drive you to class in her car)
3. I feel sorry for Tom. He lost his grandfather's watch. → b (am sad for)
4. I need to figure out which subway line to take. → a (try to understand)
5. Mari showed me where to get the bus on the map. → a (explained)
6. Carl was in trouble at the airport because he left his passport at home. → b (had a problem)
7. I'm grateful when strangers give me directions on the street. → a (appreciate it)
8. Sonny took care of his cousin when he was sick. → b (stayed with his cousin and helped him)

2. Grammar: Past Continuous and Simple Past

1. Use the past continuous to show an event in progress.
2. Use the simple past to show a completed action that interrupts the event in progress.

Grammar Practice A (Page 133)

1. I / give my friend a ride to the airport / when / my car break down
   → I was giving my friend a ride to the airport when my car broke down.
2. When / I wash the dishes, / my ring fall off
   → When I was washing the dishes, my ring fell off.
3. When / I look up, / the train leave the station
   → When I looked up, the train was leaving the station.
4. Finn lose his phone / while / he walk in the park
   → Finn lost his phone while he was walking in the park.
5. While / they have a picnic, / it start to rain
   → While they were having a picnic, it started to rain.

Grammar Practice B: Complete with Past Continuous or Simple Past

1. When my friends and I were walking downtown, we got lost.
2. I was showing my guests how to get around while they were visiting this city.
3. I warned my friend to be careful when she was traveling.
4. I was waiting for the bus without an umbrella when it started to rain.
5. While I was looking at my phone, I missed the train.

3. Grammar Blueprint: Mastering the Simple Past

The Simple Past is used exclusively to talk about events in the past that are definitively completed[cite: 20]. It requires a definite end point, meaning the event started and finished completely before right now[cite: 20].

The Complete Story Map[cite: 20]

By combining positive and negative completed actions, we construct a complete history[cite: 20]:

• Agustín lost his ring[cite: 20].
• He didn't find it[cite: 20].
• She looked everywhere[cite: 20].
• She couldn't locate it[cite: 20].

1. Functional Language: Surprising Situations

Practice C: Conversation Order (Solved 1–4)

1. [1] You'll never guess what I found yesterday. My car key. Remember? I lost it last year.
2. [2] You're not going to believe this. It was in that big flower pot in my living room.
3. [3] You're kidding! I helped you search for it for ages. Where was it?
4. [4] Are you serious? I wonder how it got there.

2. Real-World Strategy: Repeating Words to Express Surprise

When people tell us surprising things, we often repeat the words or key phrases that surprised us to show disbelief.

Practice C: Complete with Repeated Words

A: Hi, it's me. Sorry about the noise – I'm calling from the top of a mountain, and it's really windy.
B: From the top of a mountain? / The top of a mountain?

Practice 2D: Pair Work Dialogues (Student A & B)

3. Pronunciation & Listener Reactions

Focus on stress and intonation when expressing surprise:

• 1. A: My brother speaks six languages. → B: No way! [Shows Surprise: YES]
• 2. A: Did you hear? Julie's moving to California. → B: She's moving to California? [Shows Surprise: YES]
• 3. A: So guess what. I got the job! → B: I don't believe it! [Shows Surprise: YES]
• 4. A: Jose and Mariel are having another baby. → B: You're kidding me. [Shows Surprise: YES]

1. Reading: An Unexpected Journey

Analyze the structure of narrative texts and sequence of events.

Key Story Elements

• Setting the Scene: Last summer, road trip with family
• The Problem / Interrupting Event: Car engine broke down on the highway
• The Solution: A friendly mechanic stopped to help
• The Outcome: Arrived safely, memorable experience

2. Writing Skills: Sequencing and Connecting Events

Use linking words to order events clearly in a story:

Function	Linking Words / Phrases	Examples
Beginning	First, To begin with, In the beginning	First, we checked the map.
Middle / Progression	Then, Next, After that, Meanwhile	Then, we walked to the station.
Sudden Events	Suddenly, All of a sudden, Unexpectedly	Suddenly, the lights went out.
Resolution / End	Finally, In the end, Eventually	In the end, everything was fine.

Practice: Complete with Sequence Words

1. First, I woke up early and left for the airport.
2. I reached the gate, but suddenly I realized I didn't have my passport!
3. Fortunately, my roommate drove to the airport and brought it to me.
4. In the end, I boarded the plane just in time.

Part 1: Listening

Listen to the conversation about a surprising event and lost objects, then answer questions 1 to 5.

1. Listening: What unexpected event happened to the speaker yesterday?

a) He dropped his wallet while running
b) He found his old car keys in a flower pot
c) He lost his passport at the subway station

2. Listening: What was the listener's reaction to the surprising news?

a) "You're kidding!"
b) "I don't care."
c) "That's boring."

3. Listening: What was the speaker doing when he dropped his phone?

Select... He was getting on the bus He was swimming in the sea He was sleeping at home

4. Listening: Who helped the speaker locate the lost bag?

Select... A friendly bus driver A police officer His roommate

5. Listening: Complete the phrase used to express relief: "What a ________!"

Part 2: Reading

"Last summer, Agustín Aliaga dropped his wedding ring while he was swimming off the coast of Spain. He searched everywhere in the water, but he couldn't find it. He felt terrible about leaving it behind. Five months later, a scuba diving instructor discovered the ring at the bottom of the sea. Fortunately, she posted a photo on social media, and people shared it thousands of times. In the end, Agustín got his ring back! When he heard the news, he said, 'You're not going to believe this, but I'm so grateful to get it back!'"

6. Reading: What object did Agustín drop while swimming in Spain?

a) His car key
b) His wedding ring
c) His passport

7. Reading: Who discovered the ring five months later?

a) A scuba diving instructor
b) A lifeguard on the beach
c) His best friend

8. Reading: How was the photo of the ring spread online?

9. Reading: Which sequence phrase was used to introduce the final outcome of the story?

Select... In the end First Suddenly

10. Reading: What adjective describes Agustín's feeling after recovering his ring?

a) Annoyed
b) Grateful
c) Embarrassed

Part 3: Grammar (Simple Past & Past Continuous Interruptions)

11. Past Continuous vs. Simple Past: While I ________ at some art, the train came.

a) was looking
b) looked
c) look

12. Linking Interruptions: The subway doors were closing ________ I looked up.

Select... when while so

13. Simple Past Negative: He searched everywhere, but he ________ find it in the water.

Select... didn't wasn't don't

14. Accuracy Check: Choose the grammatically correct sentence.

a) We were driving to Dallas when the car broke down.
b) We were driving to Dallas while the car broke down.

15. Interrupted Action: Complete: "Finn lost his phone while he ________ in the park."

Part 4: Vocabulary, Functional Language & Writing Skills

16. Vocabulary (Losing/Finding): What verb means letting an object fall from your hands by accident?

a) drop
b) locate
c) return

17. Vocabulary (Help): Which phrase means "to drive someone to a destination in your car"?

a) give a ride
b) figure out
c) warn someone

18. Functional Language: Which expression is used to give SURPRISING news?

a) You'll never guess who was standing behind me.
b) Are you serious?
c) You're kidding!

19. Real-World Strategy: When someone says "I'm calling from a mountain", you react by repeating key words: "From a ________?"

20. Writing Skills: Punctuation rule: When starting a sentence with sequence adverbs like "First" or "Suddenly", you must put a...

Select... comma (,) period (.) colon (:)

Submit Unit 5 Test

Unit 6 Overview: Impact

• Talk about urban problems
• Talk about problems and solutions
• Express concern and relief in different situations
• Write a post giving your point of view
• Decide if a "green" plan will work

1. Language in Context: L.A. Update!

Read about Dan's experience moving from Barrow, Alaska to Los Angeles, California:

2. Vocabulary: Urban Problems

Paragraph Completion Exercise (Page 54)

Cities are full of cars, so there's often traffic on the roads. This often leads to a traffic jam, which makes delays. The cars cause pollution, along with the smoke from factories, and dirty air is bad for our health. You can also hear the noise of the traffic all over the city.

Cities can be ugly, too. Most of the land has high-rise buildings and concrete sidewalks on it. And when people share the same space, they produce tons of garbage. Some people leave their trash on the street. There's graffiti on some buildings, and even if it looks nice, business owners usually don't like it.

Vocabulary Practice (Page 146)

1. Just outside our office, there's an ugly concrete wall with graffiti painted on it.
2. Tall buildings need only a little land, but they have a lot of space inside them.
3. Some people eat as they're walking and throw their trash right on the sidewalk.
4. My house isn't right next to the highway, but I can hear the noise from the traffic.
5. It's hard to breathe because of all the pollution in the air from cars.

3. Grammar: Quantifiers

Rules for count and non-count nouns:

Quantifiers with Count Nouns	Quantifiers with Non-count Nouns
Almost all of the walls have graffiti.	Almost all of the graffiti looks ugly.
There are so many walls.	There's so much graffiti.
There are several / a few / very few / so few walls.	There's a little / very little / so little space.
There are almost no walls / almost none.	There's almost no graffiti / almost none.

Grammar Practice C (Page 55)

1. I had several good meals on my last vacation.
2. I saw almost no traffic on my way home yesterday.
3. My home has several large windows.
4. I've already finished almost all of my work for the week.
5. I'm really busy these days – I have so little time off.

Grammar Practice A (Page 134)

1. This store isn't usually busy. I don't know why there are so many people here.
2. I didn't bring much food. I just brought a few sandwiches.
3. This bus is crowded. There are almost no seats left.
4. I'm not sure exactly how long the trip is, but I think it takes several hours.
5. It's been very dry recently. There's been very little rain.
6. Be quiet! There's no need to make so much noise!

1. Language in Context: Community Solutions

Three urban problems discussed on a radio show and their solutions:

2. Vocabulary: Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of manner describe how an action is performed.

Vocabulary Practice A (Page 146)

1. Sandra speaks loudly when she's on the phone.
2. Duncan speaks politely, even when he's upset.
3. It's hard to understand Jeff because he doesn't speak clearly.
4. Mia draws beautifully, but she can't paint at all.
5. Does your bus driver drive safely or dangerously?
6. How many questions did you answer correctly?
7. Did Ida react calmly or angrily when you told her the news?
8. The city cleaned up the street completely after the tree fell down.

Vocabulary Practice B: Cross out the word that does NOT work

1. John and Kara drive their motorcycles dangerously / clearly / safely.
2. We need to speak completely / politely / calmly if we want people to listen to us.
3. Trish writes beautifully / clearly / loudly, so she can make the sign for our meeting.
4. When you talk angrily / loudly / safely, I stop listening to you.
5. Melvin answered most of the questions correctly / dangerously / clearly, and he passed the test.

3. Grammar: Present and Future Real Conditionals

Type	Condition (if/when clause)	Result (main clause)
Present Real	If there is a lot of garbage in the street,	people often leave more trash there.
Present Real	When you speak angrily to noisy neighbors,	they don't stop making noise.
Future Real	If you explain your feelings clearly,	they will understand.
Future Real	If she talks to him calmly,	he'll probably listen.
Future Real	If you make a special area for graffiti,	people won't paint on other buildings.

Grammar Practice A (Page 134)

1. When crime is not a problem, neighborhoods are safe.
2. If I drive to work, I listen to the traffic report before I leave.
3. If my sister's neighbors play music loudly this weekend, she will get angry.
4. There will be less trash if people recycle.

Part 1: Vocabulary (Units 1-6)

1. U1: A person who tells the truth is...

Select... honest generous

2. U1: Someone relaxed and not worried is...

3. U1: He is not married, he is...

a) single
b) raised

4. U2: A phone that is completely new is...

5. U2: Something old and no longer useful is...

Select... outdated modern

6. U2: Connect devices to share data:

a) delete
b) sync

7. U3: Official government building abroad:

8. U3: The path beside a road for walking:

Select... sidewalk bridge

9. U3: The price you pay for public transport:

a) fare
b) reservation

10. U4: Sad because something wasn't as good as expected:

11. U4: Red-faced and worried about what others think:

Select... embarrassed annoyed

12. U4: Make necessary plans for something:

a) forget
b) arrange

13. U5: Become impossible to see:

14. U6: Paint sprayed on walls without permission:

Select... graffiti trash

15. U6: Hard material used for sidewalks and buildings:

a) pollution
b) concrete

Part 2: Grammar (Units 1-6)

16. U1: Indirect Question word order:

Select... statement order inverted order

17. U1: Could you tell me where ________?

18. U2: I haven't finished the test ________.

a) already
b) yet

19. U2: We have lived here ________ 2018.

Select... for since

20. U2: Have you ________ been to Peru?

21. U3: Do you stay in ________ hostels?

a) the
b) no article (-)

22. U3: She is studying to be ________ engineer.

Select... a an

23. U3: "My bag is heavy." → "I ________ take a taxi." (Personal recommendation)

24. U4: Look at the dark sky! It ________ rain.

a) is going to
b) will

25. U4: "I forgot my wallet." → "I ________ pay!" (Sudden decision)

Select... will / 'll am going to

26. U4: We ________ our teacher at 6 PM tomorrow. (Plan)

27. U5: While I ________ TV, the power went out.

a) watched
b) was watching

28. U5: I was walking ________ I saw the accident.

Select... when while

29. U6: There are so ________ cars today. (Countable)

30. U6: Future Real Conditional: If you explain clearly, they ________ understand.

a) will
b) are

Part 3: Functional Language

31. U1: "This is Ana, my ________." (Saying how you know someone)

Select... coworker talking

32. U1: "I should let you ________." (Ending conversation)

33. U2: Introduce a new topic: "And ________ what!"

a) guess
b) anyway

34. U2: "I bought a watch." → "You ________?" (Interest)

Select... did have

35. U3: How do I get there? → "Go ________ the lobby."

36. U3: "Which way is the clinic?" → "It's ________ on the 2nd floor."

a) upstairs
b) downstairs

37. U4: "I feel bad." → "Don't ________ about it."

Select... worry panic

38. U4: "At ________ it's not raining." (Good side of situation)

39. U5: Giving surprising news: "I had a real ________!"

a) surprise
b) trouble

40. U5: Reacting: "You're ________!"

Select... kidding serious

41. U5: "A helicopter landed." → "A ________?" (Repeating to show surprise)

42. U6: Expressing concern: "Are you all ________?"

a) fine
b) right

43. U6: Expressing relief: "That's such a ________."

Select... relief worry

44. U6: Contrasting idea: "It was cold, ________."

45. U6: To reconsider a bad decision: "Think ________."

a) twice
b) once

Part 4: Reading & Writing Skills

"Last weekend, Maria moved to a new megacity. First, she packed her outdated laptop. Suddenly, while she was waiting for the subway, she dropped her bag. A stranger warned her about the closing doors and helped her. She was so relieved! 'You're not going to believe this,' she texted her mother. If the traffic is bad tomorrow, she will take the subway again, though it gets crowded."

46. Reading: What did Maria move to?

Select... A megacity A small town

47. Reading: What linking word starts the sequence of events?

48. Reading: What tense is "was waiting"?

a) Past Continuous
b) Simple Past

49. Reading: What interrupted her waiting?

Select... She dropped her bag She called her mom

50. Reading: What kind of help did the stranger give?

51. Reading: How did Maria feel after getting help?

a) Annoyed
b) Relieved

52. Reading: "You're not going to believe this" introduces...

Select... Surprising news Concern

53. Reading: "If the traffic is bad... she will take the subway." This is a...

54. Reading: What word contrasts the idea of taking the subway?

a) though
b) but

55. Writing: Punctuation: What goes immediately after "Suddenly" at the start of a sentence?

Select... A comma (,) A period (.)

56. Writing: Job titles and languages must always start with...

57. Writing: Extra/non-essential information in formal emails usually goes inside...

a) parentheses ( )
b) quotation marks " "

58. Writing: Asking a question before making a point makes your writing more...

Select... engaging boring

59. Grammar check: Is this sentence correct? "I haven't synced my phone yet."

a) Yes
b) No

60. Grammar check: Adverbs of manner (like calmly, safely) describe...

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